Orbital cellulitis

Difinition : The infection of soft cellular tissue of the orbit , behind the orbital septum is called orbital cellulitis.

Causes :

1. Sinus problem ( e.g. sinusitis )-- 58 to 60 per cent.

2. Lid or face infection , 28 to 30 per cent.

3. Foreign body , 11 to 15 per cent.

4. Haematogenous, 4 per cent.

5. Dental infection

6. Truma

7. Dacryocystisis

8. Dacryoadenitis

9. Endophthalmitis

Signs and symptoms :

-- unilateral

--tenderness

--warm sensation

--lid oedema

--protosis

--restrict ocular motility

--decreased vision

--dilated pupil

--rapd ( relative afferent pupillary defect )

--ophthalmoplegia

--severe pain

--raised IOP ( intra ocular pressure )

-- it may be purulent.Systemic symptoms malaise

--fever

--sometimes vomoting

--nauseaq-

-sinusitis ( mostly common )

Management :

-- hospitalization

-- antibiotic theraphy

--systemic antibiotic

--NSAID

--broad sprectrum antibiotic eye drop

-- surgical treatment.

Investigation :-

-WBC count

--Blood culture

--CT for brain.